Portugal, a country known for its rich history and stunning landscapes, is home to some of the most beautiful and enchanting castles in Europe. Scattered across green meadows and rocky hills, these castles form an integral part of Portugal’s vast historical heritage.
Each castle tells a unique story of Portugal’s past, from medieval battles to royal residences, and offers visitors a glimpse into the country’s fascinating history and culture.
20 Best Castles in Portugal
For those who venture beyond the bustling cities and picturesque beaches, Portugal’s castles are a treasure trove of history waiting to be discovered. These magnificent structures, with their intricate architecture and breathtaking locations, provide a window into the past and a chance to experience the grandeur of a bygone era. Here are the ten most beautiful castles in Portugal that you must visit.
1. National Palace of Pena
The National Palace of Pena, perched atop the highest hill above Sintra, is arguably the most famous castle in Portugal. Its colorful and eclectic design, blending Manueline and Moorish architectural styles, makes it a striking landmark. Originally a chapel dedicated to the Lady of Pena in the Middle Ages, it evolved into a monastery before becoming the grand palace it is today.
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The palace’s clever design ensures it is visible from the surrounding gardens and forests, offering stunning views from all angles. As a UNESCO World Heritage site, it stands as a testament to Portugal’s rich cultural and historical heritage.
2. Belém Tower
Built in the 16th century, Belém Tower is a symbol of Portugal’s Age of Discoveries. Adorned with the symbols of King Manuel I, including thick ropes and elegant nodes and crosses, it originally served as a fortress to protect Lisbon from pirate attacks.
Later, it became a prison during the Spanish invasion. Today, it is one of Lisbon’s most iconic landmarks, reminding visitors of Portugal’s maritime power and its pivotal role in global exploration.
3. Castle of the Moors
One of the oldest fortresses in Portugal, the Castle of the Moors dates back to the eighth and ninth centuries. Nestled atop a steep hill in a dense forest, it offers breathtaking views of the valleys stretching towards the Atlantic Ocean.
The castle’s high walls and reservoir for drinking water were designed to withstand long sieges. Although abandoned in the 15th century, its ruins still exude a sense of ancient grandeur and historical significance.
4. Guimarães Castle
Guimarães Castle, a symbol of Portugal’s birth as a nation, was built in the 10th century. Its pentagram-shaped walls and eight rectangular towers give it a distinctive appearance.
The castle played a crucial role in the Battle of São Mamede in 1128, which marked the beginning of an independent Portugal under the leadership of Afonso Henriques.Often referred to as the birthplace of the Portuguese nation, Guimarães Castle is a must-visit for anyone interested in the country’s medieval history.
5. Almourol Castle
Located on a small rocky island in the Tagus River, Almourol Castle is one of Portugal’s most picturesque fortresses. Dating back to the 12th century, it remains well-preserved and offers stunning views of the river.
The castle’s name, derived from the Arabic word “almorolan” meaning “high rock,” perfectly describes its strategic location. Its historical significance and scenic beauty make it a favorite among visitors.
6. Tomar Castle
Tomar Castle, built in the 12th century, was initially a stronghold for the Knights Templar. Its innovative design, featuring rounded towers, was groundbreaking at the time. The castle also served as a convent and later became the residence of King Manuel of Portugal, who added graceful Manueline-style decorations. Today, it stands as a monument to the Knights Templar and their influence in Portugal.
7. Óbidos Castle
Dating back to Roman times, Óbidos Castle features cylindrical and square-shaped towers and a facade adorned with limestone and marble. Unlike many other castles, it remains well-preserved and has been converted into a romantic hotel. The surrounding village, with its charming cobblestone streets and lush greenery, adds to the castle’s allure. Visitors can explore the castle’s rich history and enjoy the idyllic setting.
8. Castle of Evoramonte
The Castle of Evoramonte, with its four cylindrical towers, played a significant role in ending a six-year civil war in the 19th century. It served as the summer residence of King Afonso Henriques and Queen Mafalda of Savoy. The castle’s unique design and historical importance make it a fascinating site. Its location offers panoramic views of the Alentejo region, making it a favorite among history buffs and nature lovers alike.
9. Castle of Belver
Built to prevent enemy access to the Tagus River, the Castle of Belver was transferred to the Order of the Hospitallers after King Sancho’s defeat in the 12th century. It has retained its medieval military architecture and stands as a testament to the region’s historical significance. The castle’s well-preserved structure and strategic location make it a fascinating destination for visitors interested in Portugal’s medieval history.
10. Castle of Viana do Alentejo
Often overlooked by tourists, the Castle of Viana do Alentejo is a gothic masterpiece from the 14th century. Located in the heart of Alentejo, its white-and-grey pentagonal structure and romantic towers are bordered by a cathedral.
Recent restoration efforts have preserved its beauty, making it a lovely example of Portuguese architecture from the 1300s. The castle’s serene setting and historical charm make it a hidden gem worth exploring.
Additional Notable Castles in Portugal
11. São Jorge Castle, Lisbon
Overlooking the Alfama neighborhood, São Jorge Castle offers stunning views of Lisbon. Situated on the ramparts, it is one of the best castles in Portugal, providing a picturesque glimpse of the city and the Tagus River.
The castle’s history dates back to the 11th century, and its strategic location has made it a significant landmark throughout Lisbon’s history.
12. Leiria Castle
Perched on the heights of Leiria, this castle is accessible via a long climb but rewards visitors with breathtaking views of the region. Located 1.5 hours from Lisbon, it is a charming site worth exploring. The castle’s history dates back to the 12th century, and its well-preserved structure offers a glimpse into Portugal’s medieval past.
13. Governors Castle, Lagos
Located in Lagos, this castle once surrounded the entire city, protecting it from invasions. Today, it leads visitors to the modern Lagos Marina, blending tradition with contemporary attractions. The castle’s imposing gate and historical significance make it a must-visit for those exploring the Algarve region.
14. Forte de São Filipe, Setubal
Transformed into a hotel, this castle offers panoramic views of Setubal and the Arrabida Natural Park. Visitors can stay or simply enjoy a drink while taking in the scenic landscape. The castle’s history dates back to the 16th century, and its strategic location has made it a significant landmark in Setubal’s history.
15. Silves Castle
A medieval castle in the Algarve, Silves Castle is a well-preserved fortress from the Moorish era. It offers magnificent views of Silves and the surrounding area, showcasing its historical architecture. The castle’s red sandstone walls and impressive towers make it a striking landmark in the region.
16. Arraiolos Castle, Alentejo
Located atop a hill, Arraiolos Castle features a unique circular design. Despite being windy and cold, it remains a significant site in the Alentejo region, reflecting the area’s medieval history. The castle’s location offers panoramic views of the surrounding countryside, making it a favorite among visitors.
17. Sabugal Castle
Situated near Porto, Sabugal Castle invites visitors to explore centuries of history. Open every day except Sunday and Monday, it offers a deep dive into Portugal’s past. The castle’s well-preserved structure and strategic location make it a fascinating destination for history enthusiasts.
18. Santa Maria da Feira Castle
Between Porto and Aveiro, this castle is a vital Portuguese monument. Its unique architecture and historical importance are celebrated, with a medieval fair tradition revived in recent years. The castle’s well-preserved structure and historical significance make it a must-visit for those exploring northern Portugal.
19. Marvao Castle
Located inland, Marvao Castle offers a well-preserved medieval experience. Built by an Islamic knight, it later became a significant site for Portugal’s first king, D. Afonso I, in the 12th century. The castle’s strategic location and historical significance make it a hidden gem worth exploring.
20. Castle of Abrantes
The Castle of Abrantes played a key role in the reconquest of Portugal from the Moors, making it an important historical site. This location in Abrantes has been significant for thousands of years, and the castle stands as a testament to the region’s importance. It offers fascinating insights into Portuguese history and is well worth a visit.
Portugal’s castles are more than just historical landmarks; they are gateways to the country’s rich past, offering breathtaking views and a deep sense of heritage. Whether exploring the well-known or the hidden gems, each castle tells a unique story of Portugal’s history, inviting visitors to step back in time and experience the grandeur of a bygone era.
